PMP Blust 1999
| Form | Glosses ↓ | POS | Links | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *i-aku | I | ACD PAN *aku, PCEMP *i-aku, PMP *aku, PMP *i-aku, Ambai yau, Ansus yau, Biak ya, … | ||
| *i-babaw | above | |||
| *i-taqas | above | |||
| *ma-takut | afraid | ACD PAN *ma-takut, PCEMP *ma-takut, Ambai i-matai, Ambai matai, Ansus matai, Biak mkāk, Biga -mtat, … | ||
| *amin | all | |||
| *ka | and | |||
| *ma | and | PCEMP *ma, Biak ma, Dusner me, Serui-Laut ma, Wandamen ma, Wandamen ma, Waropen ma | ||
| *qabu | ash | ACD PAN *qabu₁, ACD PMP *qabu₂, PCEMP *qabu, Ambel lagalap, Ansus wawu, Arguni avuvune, Arguni avu|ne, … | ||
| *di | at | PCEMP *di, Buli mali, Gane li, Gane li, Gane liló, Taba li, Taba li | ||
| *i | at | |||
| *likud | back | |||
| *zaqat | bad | |||
| *punti | banana | ACD PAN *punti₁, Irarutu fúdə, Kowiai fun, Moor húta, Umar idi, Warembori uti-ro, Waropen ui, … | ||
| *kempung | belly | ACD PCEMP *kampuŋ, Kowiai ambun | ||
| *tian | belly | |||
| *i-babaq | below | ACD PMP *ba₄, ACD PMP *babaq₁, PCEMP *i babaq, Ambai dombau, Ambai -weu, Ansus umbau, Biak babni, … | ||
| *ma-Raya | big | |||
| *manuk | bird | ACD PAN *manuk, ACD PMP *manuk, PCEMP *manuk, Ambai man-, Ambel mani, Arguni mani, As mani, … | ||
| *qayam | bird | ACD PAN *qayam₁, Ansus aya, Ansus aya, Serui-Laut aya, Serui-Laut aya, Wandamen aya, Wandamen aya, … | ||
| *kaRat | bite | ACD PAN *kaRaC, ACD PMP *kaRat, PCEMP *kaRat, Biak ark | ||
| *ma-qitem | black | ACD PMP *ma-qitem, ACD PCEMP *ma-qitem, ma-qétem, PCEMP *ma-qetəm, Ambai numetan, Ambai nu|meta, Ambel amatem, Ansus metang, … | ||
| *daRaq | blood | ACD PAN *daRaq₁, PCEMP *daRaq, Arguni rare, Buli la, Gebe la, Kowiai rara, Kowiai rara, … | ||
| *tuqela(n,ŋ) | bone | ACD PMP *tuqelan, Arguni tor, Biak kor, Buli loŋ, Gebe kalɔŋ, Moor òro, Umar tor, … | ||
| *daqan | branch | ACD PMP *daqan, PCEMP *daqan, Kowiai raʔan, Yaur ráagrè | ||
| *susu | breast | ACD PAN *susu₁, PCEMP *susu, Ambai ui, Ambai ui, Ambel su, Ansus u, Arguni sus, … | ||
| *ma-ñawa | breathe | ACD PMP *ma-ñawa, ACD PCEMP *ñawa, PCEMP *ma-ñawa, Biak mnasu, Gane manou, Gebe -fa|ñawaya, Taba -manowo | ||
| *tunu | burn | ACD PAN *CuNuh, ACD PMP *tunu, PCEMP *tunu, Ambai i-nunu, Ambai nunun, Ansus nunung, Biak kun, … | ||
| *beli | buy | ACD PAN *baliw, PCEMP *bəli, Serui-Laut bori, Serui-Laut wori, Wandamen bori | ||
| *mamaq | chew | PCEMP *mamaq, Ambai mama, Biak màm, Gane hamóm, Kowiai -mama, Umar mnam, Wandamen mam, … | ||
| *anak | child | ACD PAN *aNak, ACD PMP *anak, PCEMP *anak, Sekar kukanak | ||
| *piliq | choose | ACD PAN *piliq, PCEMP *piliq, Ambai iri, Ambai yi-riri, Arguni -pili, Kowiai -pil, Moor irà, … | ||
| *dakih | climb | |||
| *pa-nahik | climb | |||
| *sakay | climb | ACD PAN *sakay₂, PCEMP *sakay, Biga -sa, Gane sapák, Gebe -sa, Kowiai -sa'a, Laganyan ˈsak, … | ||
| *Rabun | cloud | |||
| *ma-diŋdiŋ | cold | PCEMP *ma-dindiŋ, Buli mairiŋ, Gebe mijirin, Irarutu ridənə, Kawe mariˈrin, Kowiai rídin, Laganyan mariˈrin, … | ||
| *maRi | come | ACD PAN *um-ai, ACD PAN *um-aRi, PCEMP *mai, PCEMP *maRi, Ambai -ma, Ambai ra-ma, Ansus ma, … | ||
| *tanek | cook | |||
| *zakan | cook | |||
| *ma-bener | correct, true | |||
| *bilaŋ | count | |||
| *ihap | count | ACD PMP *ihap, PCEMP *ihap, Onin iaf, Sekar yaf, Taba -yohan | ||
| *taŋis | cry | ACD PMP *taŋis, PCEMP *taŋis, Arguni -tagis, As -tanis, Biak kanĕs, Biga -tinis, Buli taŋis, … | ||
| *taRaq | cut (wood) | PCEMP *taRaq, Umar tarto, Wandamen tara | ||
| *tektek | cut (wood) | ACD PMP *tektek₂, PCEMP *tətək, Irarutu -ma|totə | ||
| *qalejaw | day | ACD PMP *qalejaw, PCEMP *qaləjaw, Kowiai óra, Moor oro'á, Warembori oro-ro, Yerisiam óòrà | ||
| *matay | die | ACD PAN *ma-aCay, ACD PMP *m-atay, ACD PCEMP *matay₁, PCEMP *matay, Ambel la-mat, Arguni -mat, As ma-ʔ, … | ||
| *kali | dig | ACD PMP *kali₂, ACD PAN *kalih, PCEMP *kali, PCEMP *keli, Biga -kelɛ, Irarutu mə|garə, Kowiai -'ári', … | ||
| *cemeD(?) | dirty | |||
| *asu | dog | ACD PAN *asu₁, PCEMP *asu, Sekar yasi | ||
| *h-in-ipi | dream | |||
| *hipi | dream | |||
| *h-um-ipi | dream | ACD PCEMP *mipi, PCEMP *mipi, Ambai -miai, Moor enamí'a, Sekar nifi, Serui-Laut enami, Wandamen ena-mia, … | ||
| *inum | drink | ACD PMP *inum, ACD PMP *um-inum, ACD PCEMP *unum, PCEMP *inum, Ambai i-unu, Ambai unumi, Ambai unun, … | ||
| *ma-Raŋaw | dry | ACD PCEMP *ma-Raŋuʔ, PCEMP *ma-Raŋaw, Arguni mer..., Buli māŋ, Gebe maŋ, Sawai n-maŋ | ||
| *duyuŋ | dugong | ACD PMP *duyuŋ₂, Biak rowin, Moor rúna, Waropen rui, Yaur rì'ré | ||
| *dumpul | dull | |||
| *pundul | dull | |||
| *qabuk | dust | |||
| *qapuk | dust | |||
| *taliŋa | ear | ACD PMP *taliŋa₁, PCEMP *taliŋa, Ambai tara-, Ambel talamtum, Arguni etiga-, As tana, Biak kna, … | ||
| *tanaq | earth, soil | PCEMP *tanaq, Waropen ana | ||
| *taneq | earth, soil | |||
| *kalati | earthworm | PCEMP *kalati, Buli gugulat, Gane galét, Gebe galawai, Kawe galaˈtol[o], Laganyan gaˈlah ˈtol[o], Maˈya aˈgla¹²t, … | ||
| *qali-wati | earthworm | |||
| *kaen | eat | ACD PAN *kaen, PCEMP *kan, Ambai an, Ambai i-ampi, Ambel l-anan, Ansus ang, Biak ān, … | ||
| *qateluR | egg | ACD PMP *qiteluR, PCEMP *qatəluR, PMP *qiteluR, Ambel talo, As talɔ, Biga tolo, Biga toˈlo, … | ||
| *qiteluR | egg | ACD PMP *qiteluR, PCEMP *qatəluR, PMP *qateluR, Ambel talo, As talɔ, Biga tolo, Biga toˈlo, … | ||
| *mata | eye | ACD PAN *maCa, ACD PMP *mata, PCEMP *mata, Biak mga, Buli mta, Gane mto, Gebe nta, … | ||
| *ma-zauq | far | ACD PMP *zauq, PCEMP *zauq, As ilao, Buli lau, Gane lou, Gebe lau, Irarutu nero, … | ||
| *himaR | fat, oil | |||
| *meñak | fat, oil | ACD PMP *meñak, PCEMP *meñak, PCEMP *miñak, PMP *miñak, Ambai ne-main, Ansus mai, Biga maˈna(o), … | ||
| *miñak | fat, oil | ACD PMP *meñak, PCEMP *meñak, PCEMP *miñak, PMP *meñak, Ambai ne-main, Ansus mai, Biga maˈna(o), … | ||
| *t-ama | father | ACD PAN *ama, ACD PAN *ta-ama, ACD PMP *t-ama, PCEMP *t-ama, Ambai tama-, Biak kĕma, Biak mami, … | ||
| *bulu | feather | ACD PMP *bulu₁, ACD PCEMP *bulu₃, PCEMP *bulu, Ambai na-wavuru, Arguni pupure, Biak bur, Buli [mani] plu, … | ||
| *hapuy | fire | ACD PEMP *api₁, ACD PMP *hapuy, ACD PAN *Sapuy, PCEMP *hapuy, Ambel lap, Arguni yaf, Arguni yaf, … | ||
| *hikan | fish | ACD PMP *hikan, ACD PEMP *ikan, ACD PAN *Sikan, PCEMP *hikan, Ambai dia, Ambai dian, Ambel dun, … | ||
| *buŋa | flower | ACD PAN *buŋa, ACD PMP *buŋaₐ, PCEMP *buŋa, Ambai ne-bu, Biga buŋa, Gane bungan, Kowiai búnga, … | ||
| *alas | forest | |||
| *kahiw-kahiw-an | forest | |||
| *epat | four | ACD PMP *epat, ACD PEMP *pat, ACD PCEMP *pat-i, ACD PAN *Sepat, PCEMP *pati, PCEMP *(ə)pat, Ambai bo-a, … | ||
| *buaq | fruit | ACD PAN *buaq, ACD PMP *buaq, PCEMP *buaq, Ambai bo, Ambai bon, Ansus aibong, As nupu-, … | ||
| *ma-pia | good | PCEMP *ma-pia, As fi, Biga fi, Biga fi, Buli mafia, Fiawat fiy, Gane fia, … | ||
| *baliji | grass | ACD PMP *baliji, ACD PMP *balizi, PCEMP *baliji, Ambel abris, Biak abris, Gane bibisá | ||
| *udu | grass | |||
| *mataq | green | ACD PAN *ma-qetaq₁, ACD PCEMP *ma-qetaq₂, PCEMP *mataq, Irarutu məmatə, Kowiai mamáta, Moor ma'ama'î, Moor ma'î, … | ||
| *tu(m)buq | grow | ACD PMP *tubuq, tumbuq, PCEMP *tumbuq, Ambai tifu, Buli tub, Buli tub, Gane tub, Gebe -tub, … | ||
| *tinaqi | guts | ACD PAN *C<in>aqi, ACD PMP *t<in>aqi, PCEMP *tinaqi, Ambai ene-, Ambai ene-, Ambel nyay, Ansus aneu, … | ||
| *(qa)lima | hand | |||
| *si-ia | he/she | |||
| *qulu | head | ACD PMP *qulu, ACD PCEMP *quluₐ, ACD PMP *qulu-an, ACD PAN *quluh, PCEMP *qulu, Buli olo-an, Buli ulu, … | ||
| *buhek | head hair | |||
| *kutu | head louse | ACD PAN *kuCu, ACD PMP *kutu₁, PCEMP *kutu, Ambai u|utu, Ambel ut, Ansus utu, Arguni ut, … | ||
| *deŋeR | hear | ACD PAN *deŋeR, ACD PMP *deŋeR, PCEMP *dəŋəR, As -fɔ|lɔŋɔ, Biga doˈno, Buli loŋa, Gane longa, … | ||
| *ma-beReqat | heavy | ACD PMP *ma-beReqat, PCEMP *ma-bəRat, Ambai maraba, Ambai miraba, Ansus mamba, Ansus memba, Gebe kapiatan, … | ||
| *buni | hide | |||
| *palu | hit, beat | |||
| *gemgem | hold (in fist) | |||
| *Rumaq | house | ACD PAN *Rumaq, PCEMP *Rumaq, Arguni rume, Biak rum, Biga um, Biga [w]um, Dusner rum, … | ||
| *kua | how? |
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